防運動傷害 路跑要周休1、2天 - 路跑 Road Running
By Frederic
at 2014-08-24T10:10
at 2014-08-24T10:10
Table of Contents
http://udn.com/NEWS/HEALTH/HEA7/8890606.shtml
【聯合報╱記者楊欣潔/台北報導】
2014.08.24 03:36 am
台灣近年來瘋路跑,去年全台路跑賽事就有三百場,一整年參與跑步活動估逾百萬人次。
醫師發現,民眾因路跑而出現運動傷害比前幾年增加了三成,建議民眾每周跑步不要超過
六十五公里,且不要天天練跑,每周最好休息一兩天。
林口長庚復健科主治醫師林瀛洲表示,最近每當路跑活動結束後,門診就出現膝蓋、小腿
內側或足部疼痛的患者,不少跑者甚至同時出現多種症狀。究其原因,與參加路跑者缺乏
賽前訓練、熱身不足與未做好防護有關。
美國醫學會期刊(JAMA)日前公布五大路跑常見運動傷害,包含骼脛束摩擦症候群(
俗稱「跑者膝」)、髕骨疼痛症候群、脛前疼痛、阿基里斯腱炎及足底筋膜炎。
運動醫學會理事、嘉義長庚醫院復健科主治醫師許宏志收治過一名廿多歲的女大生,因學
校體育課要求參加路跑,之後陸續參加多次路跑活動,日前在練跑後出現膝蓋、腰、臀肌
肉疼痛就醫,X光檢查發現膝蓋軟骨並無嚴重磨損,經進一步檢查,發現原來她有扁平足
,卻又沒選擇適合的鞋子,缺乏肌力訓練而受傷。
許宏志指出,扁平足會造成足底吸震能力較差,跑步時膝蓋承受較大壓力,以致在跑步後
出現疼痛,建議她使用治療足底筋膜炎的中足減壓墊,並選擇適當的慢跑鞋,就能明顯減
輕不適。
許宏志說,不少銀髮族在參加路跑後,最常見的問題多為膝蓋疼痛及足底筋膜炎,前者與
膝關節退化有關,後者則與腳掌及腳跟的脂肪墊長年磨損有關。
同樣的,阿基里斯腱炎常好發於穿不適當的鞋子跑步者,建議年長的跑者應選購適當的護
膝及慢跑鞋,以減少運動傷害。
至於經常發生在慢跑或長跑選手的「跑者膝」或髕骨症候群,林瀛洲表示,人體膝蓋與大
腿有一條肌肉群名為「髂脛束」,在跑步時會不斷摩擦,特別是在臀部及大腿外側肌肉緊
繃時更嚴重,進而發炎,造成臀部、膝蓋外側疼痛,也就是所謂的「跑者膝」。
如果是膝蓋內側疼痛,就與髕骨症候群較有關係,主要是跑步時膝蓋需頻繁進行彎曲、伸
直的動作,一旦髕骨長時間摩擦,組織就易發炎,進而出現膝蓋內側疼痛。
林瀛洲說,髕骨症候群好發於女性,因為女性骨盆較男性大,先天易髕骨外翻,髕骨持續
磨損也增加退化性關節炎的風險。
至於脛前疼痛,許宏志說,脛前疼痛的症狀為小腿內側疼痛,主因為運動後腿部後肌肉群
疲勞,吸收地面產生衝擊力的能力降低,並將壓力轉移至小腿附近的骨膜與骨頭,造成過
度牽拉所引起的發炎。
醫師提醒,路跑活動雖不限男女老幼,但切勿「不自量力」,千萬不要貿然挑戰自己的極
限;如果跑步後出現膝蓋、肌肉痠痛,可先冰敷並搭配和緩操來緩和不適,若症狀持續一
到兩周,應盡速就醫治療。
--
曾文誠:「老實說,我不是虎迷,
但打從職棒五年開賽後,我就祈禱虎隊可以拿冠軍。
不為別的,只因為林仲秋。」
--
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