關於全力以赴跟防守方式 - 籃球

這是之前nba版某位大大的文章
https://reurl.cc/8GExa4
https://i.imgur.com/0BmEuce.jpg

這是美國籃協的官網
https://reurl.cc/exRKNW
以下擷取部分段落（包含部分簡陋翻譯）：

Youth Guidelines – Rules and Standards

ABOUT
Basketball is a great game that is played by millions of young people in the Uni
ted States and around the world. Playing basketball fosters the development of p
eer relationships, self-esteem, leadership qualities, and physical health.
籃球是一項在美國及全球數百萬年輕人從事的運動。打籃球能培養同儕關係、自尊（自信？
）、領導特質以及身體健康的發展。
To date, however, the sport of basketball has lacked guidelines around health an
d wellness and consistent game play standards. To help foster player health, age
- and stage-appropriate skill development, and a positive and enjoyable on-court
experience for young people, the NBA and USA Basketball have developed a set of
rules and standards to enhance the playing experience for young athletes.
然而，現今籃球這項運動缺乏關於身體健康的方針及一致的打球標準。為了培養年輕球員的
健康、適合年紀適合階段的技巧發展，還有正面且愉快的球場體驗，NBA及美國籃協發展一
套規則及標準來增進年輕運動員的打球體驗。
These guidelines aim to combat the overemphasis on early competitive success and
the lack of a clear development pathway through the sport – two issues that ex
ist across youth sports, including basketball.
這些方針目標在避免過度強調前期的競爭勝利以及缺乏這項運動明確的發展方向這兩個存在
青年運動的議題。
The NBA and USA Basketball are committed to helping shape a youth basketball env
ironment that prioritizes the health and well-being of young athletes and promot
es their enjoyment and development in the game.
Nba及美國籃協承諾來協助打造一個健康福祉（？）為優先並促進比賽樂趣及發展的環境。

RULES & STANDARDS
Basketball is played in countless settings and locations across the U.S. – and
though the game remains fundamentally the same, there are many variables that c
an impact a young player’s experience. USA Basketball and the NBA want all pla
yers to enjoy the game and have a fun, developmentally appropriate experience.

Parents and coaches frequently ask certain questions, especially when their kids
are young:

‧How high should we set the basket?
籃框要多高
‧What size ball should we use?
要打幾號大小的球
‧Should we play zone defense?
可以守區域嗎

These are important questions, and we understand that playing with the correct e
quipment and establishing age-appropriate rules significantly impacts the experi
ence for youth as they learn the game. Therefore, the NBA and USA Basketball ha
ve established detailed guidelines to help young players develop at a natural pa
ce that is suitable to their age and physiological abilities.

Rules and Standards Elements
USA Basketball and the NBA have worked closely with an expert working group on P
laying Standards to develop age- and stage-appropriate rules and standards for y
outh basketball. Aligning with the Player Segmentation Model, these guidelines
will help young players appropriately learn the fundamentals of the game, achiev
e and maintain early success, and provide enhanced long-term development.

The rules and standards address four key areas:
規則分成四個項目
‧Equipment & Court Specifications (e.g., proper height of the basket, size of t
he ball, and court dimensions and lines).
‧設備及場地規格
‧Game Structure (e.g., length of the game, scoring and timeouts).
‧比賽架構（比賽長度，比分，暫停）
‧Game Tactics (e.g., equal playing time, player-to-player vs. zone defense, pre
ssing vs. no pressing).
‧比賽策略(球員上場時間，防守）
‧Game Play Rules (e.g., use of a shot clock, substitutions, clock stoppage).
‧比賽規則（進攻時間 罰球時間等等）

（僅取策略的部分參考，其他部分請看原文網址）
GAME TACTICS
https://i.imgur.com/hY7fFU6.jpg
https://i.imgur.com/Arby7jd.jpg
https://i.imgur.com/jAmCmJP.jpg

Definitions:
定義：
‧Player-to-Player Defense –
球員對球員防守-
-Each player is responsible for guarding and moving with one offensive player.
This requires the defensive player to move according to the offensive player’
s movements with or without the ball.
每個球員都要負責防守一個進攻方球員並隨之移動，不論該進攻方球員是否持球。
-The defensive player must stay on the same side of the court as the offensive
player, divided by the rim line.
防守者必須跟進攻者待在球場的同一邊（這段不是很懂）
-If an offensive player with the ball advances past their defensive player, an
other defender may rotate to guard that offensive player.
如果持求者過掉防守者，防守方可以輪替另一個人來防守
‧Pressing Defense – Defensive guarding, either on or off the ball, within the
backcourt.
壓迫防守-在後場不論持球或空手的防守
‧Double-Team/Crowding – Two or more defensive players guarding a single offens
ive player
包夾-兩個以上的防守者守一個進攻者

RATIONALE
Double-Team/Crowding: Crowding the ball with multiple players (referred to as “
double-teaming”) is not allowed for 7-8 or 9-11 year-olds due to skill and size
discrepancies among children at these ages. Crowding is allowed for 12-14 year-
olds and older to remain consistent with pressing defense standards.
7-11歲禁止包夾
Playing Time: To ensure that all young children participating in the sport have
an opportunity to experience the game, equal and fair playing time is recommende
d for 7-8 year-olds. For 9-11 year-olds, equal playing time is recommended for
periods 1-3, while allowing coaches discretion in the fourth and extra periods.
Equal and fair playing time is encouraged throughout all segments.
相同的上場時間，9歲以後第四節及延長賽教練自由調度
Pressing Defense: Pressing defense is prohibited for 7-8 year-olds to help child
ren develop principles of movement with and without the ball in a half-court set
ting. For 9-11 year-olds, permitting player-to-player defense to extend full-cou
rt in the fourth and extra periods allows players to become accustomed to full-c
ourt defense while not having to understand sophisticated zone presses. It also
allows for an introduction to competitive tactics.
7-8歲禁止壓迫，9-11歲允許第四節及延長賽全場壓迫
Set Defense: The player-to-player requirement for 7-8 and 9-11 year-olds encoura
ges physical activity and movement, and promotes the development of individual s
kill related to guarding a player both on and off the ball.

Stealing from the Dribbler: At ages 7-8, players are not allowed to steal the ba
ll from an active dribbler. This allows ball-handlers to develop dribbling skil
ls and confidence with the basketball.
7-8歲禁止抄運球者的球

===========================
籃球大國在國小的比賽都有這樣規定，難道他們都沒有中華隊國手懂籃球嗎？（開個玩笑

這個議題吵到現在洪沒錯，他也是規則內照著走，但多數有反對意見的都是對於這個年紀的
小學生在大比分差距下使用的防守方式是否不妥，結果他講一個尊重對手，後面又凹到什麼
打假球的說法根本是歪理。

台灣這個環境都這麼爛了，大家都想贏眼前的比賽，但後面更長遠的發展呢誰在乎？洪自己
練到變國家隊成員很厲害，如果能利用自身的份量是否能多少改變生態而不是跟其他人一樣
更是他投入基層更有意義的事

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