太空人右投馬蒂斯 使用女性生育藥物遭禁 - 棒球

By Ophelia
at 2019-03-13T14:36
at 2019-03-13T14:36
Table of Contents
簡單來說
下視丘會釋放GnRH
GnRH 刺激腦下垂體前葉分泌FSH 和LH
FSH 和LH 刺激性腺分泌estrogen 和progesterone
estrogen 和progesterone 再反過來抑制GnRH
形成一個負回饋
這是人體內分泌系統很常見的運作模式
Clomiphene 是estrogen 的類似結構物
本身estrogen 的作用很弱
但可以結合到下視丘的estrogen receptor
阻止estrogen 對下視丘的負回饋
也就是抑制estrogen 去抑制GnRH 產生
進而使GnRH 產量增加而使下游的FSH LH estrogen progesterone 增加
相信大家投過公投都對這種邏輯十分的熟悉
比如您是否同意廢除廢除核能發電廠運轉的法案
了解上一定是沒有問題
其中LH surge 是促進排卵的重要因素
Clomiphene 對不同細胞上不同種類的estrogen receptor
有些是抑制(antagonist) 有些是促進(agonist)
因此分類上她是屬於SERM (selective estrogen receptor modulator) 的一種
用在男性上
同樣的機轉可促進下游testosterone 的產量增加
因此也有研究使用在次發性性腺低下, 勃起障礙, 或是男性不孕症等等
比如說這篇
Clomiphene increases free testosterone levels in men with both secondary
hypogonadism and erectile dysfunction: who does and does not benefit?
https://www.nature.com/articles/3900981
這篇
The Role of Estrogen Modulators in Male Hypogonadism and Infertility
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5010627/
這篇
Testosterone versus clomiphene citrate in managing symptoms of hypogonadism
in men
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5508437/
還有這篇
Clomiphene for the treatment of male infertility.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23202725
這些都是我隨便估狗的
大家要記得本著EBM 的精神認真做文獻評讀
謝謝指教
==
這篇文章可能會損害您的大腦
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